Random Acts of Kindness Cause Positive Brain Changes

February 16th, 2012

We all know that doing something nice for someone helps us to feel good.  Now there is scientific evidence that it also stimulates the pleasure centers of the brain.

Reports in two journals, Science and Nature Neuroscience, describe the effects of charitable giving and helping behavior on the brain’s reward centers.  In addition, brain researcher David Linden, Ph.D., states in his book, The Compass of Pleasure, that the pleasure centers affected by performing acts of kindness are the same ones that are activated by exercise.

Evidence of exercise’s benefits for treating depression is pouring in from around the world.  There is no disputing that it is the number one thing that people can do to help themselves manage depression, weight, and cardiovascular health.  It also helps with stress management.

Given that we know how much exercise helps us, perhaps we psychologists should be prescribing random acts of kindness for those who struggle with depression.  It certainly is an economical intervention; it costs nothing to open the door for someone, give up your seat on the bus, carry someone’s groceries, serve dinner at a homeless shelter, shovel your neighbor’s snow…there are endless ways in which we can help someone in some way every day of our lives.

Can you imagine how our world would be if we all did that?

 

The Winds of Emotion: How to Stay Centered When They Blow

February 4th, 2012

Today I was catching up on email messages from the week, since I am usually a few days behind in reading them.  I came upon a message from Tricycle Magazine, a Buddhist/Meditation resource that delivers daily “Dharma,” or teachings, to subscribers.  They are always short, simple, and readily applicable to my life.  I find them to be helpful because they remind me of what is important; most often, what I am doing when I stumble upon them is not.

We often struggle to recognize and relax into our feelings, because we either identify with them or fear being engulfed by them.  I offer this brief “Daily Dharma” wisdom to you, in hopes that you find it useful when encountering your emotions.

Tricycle: Awake in the World

Tricycle Daily Dharma January 30, 2012

Winds of Emotion

Awareness is the basis, or what you might call the “support,” of the mind. It is steady and unchanging, like the pole to which the flag of ordinary consciousness is attached. When we recognize and become grounded in awareness of awareness, the “wind” of emotion may still blow. But instead of being carried away by the wind, we turn our attention inward, watching the shifts and changes with the intention of becoming familiar with that aspect of consciousness that recognizes “Oh, this is what I’m feeling, this is what I’m thinking.” As we do so, a bit of space opens up within us.

- Yongey Mingyur Rinpoche, “The Aim of Attention”
Read the entire article in the Tricycle Wisdom Collection

 

Peace,

Leslie

For Women Only: Stop Rehearsing Those Negative Messages About Your Body!

January 12th, 2012

The noise in our minds can be deafening.  We don’t even recognize the cacophony most of the time, unless we stop and pay attention to it.  But the stories and the comments that comprise this ceaseless soundtrack are affecting us anyway, whether or not we are actively listening.

A friend and I were talking about this tonight, in a roundabout sort of way.  We were lamenting the fact that although both of us know the untruth of our respective body images, we still find that we berate ourselves for missing a workout, eating too much pizza, gaining the inevitable pounds that come with middle age.  My friend, a dietician, said that she subscribed to a women’s “health” magazine recently, only to discover that its cover regularly featured super-skinny actresses who, no doubt, have personal trainers and chefs who make their svelte figures possible.  I chimed in that virtually everything we see and hear reminds us women that we should be thin, sexy, perfect partners, super mothers, expert cooks, accomplished socializers, successfully employed and still have time to work out regularly.  Women’s bodies sell cars, web services, magazines, movies, music, alcohol, and countless diet products.  So my friend, the dietician, and I, the psychologist, who know better than to believe the messages, believe them anyway.  It is maddening sometimes.

Why does this happen?  For one thing, the cultural messages about perfect women and perfect bodies don’t stop.  They keep coming, too fast and too numerous to mentally challenge each one.  Second, they are some of the earliest and most reinforced messages that we learned.  They seem to pop up automatically.  And they are well-rehearsed.

So what do we do with them?  Well, it’s not about erasing them.  That is not a realistic proposition.  It is about redirecting our attention to something more positive and more real about ourselves.  I can remind myself that I am 50 years old — not 22 — and therefore I should not have the body of a 22 year old, nor should I be able to work out as hard as a 22 year old woman.  That is reality.  I can add to that that I do not have the personal trainer, the chef, the money, or the time to create a perfect body.  On the positive message side, I can comfortably say that I am fit and strong, that I have a nice smile, that I am healthy, smart, and sometimes witty.  I can look at specific parts of my body and sincerely say that I am satisfied with – or even  like – them.  I have a body that works well, moves easily, allows me to do the things I need to do, and lets me see, hear, touch, taste, smell, think about and interact with my environment.  Just that is pretty miraculous.

The idea is that paying attention to these realities and reminding myself of them changes my energy  because it changes my thoughts, and that makes me feel better.  I am less tense, I can smile, I can stand up straight, I can breathe.  Because my attention is no longer going toward rehearsing those old, berating messages, they naturally begin to lose their strength.  Even at the neurological level this is happening, as the neurons associated with thoughts about my body become untangled from those that are associated with anxiety, unhappiness , and physical tension.  So literally, different thoughts are creating different and new pathways in my brain that strengthen the positive reactions and weaken the negative ones.

Is this easy to do?  No.  It requires mental effort.  It means first noticing the stories in our heads, seeing how they make us feel, and then redirecting our thoughts repeatedly and deliberately.  Over and over again.  And again.  It’s easier to stay stuck in the negative beliefs and messages, for sure.  But I’m tired of that, and perhaps you are, too.  Plus, most of us have the old messages down — we don’t need any more rehearsal.

Try it as an experiment, and see if shifting your thoughts can shift your outlook.

When Holidays Bring Sadness: Coping With Grief During the Season

December 22nd, 2011

Maria lost her partner of 22 years earlier this year.  Susan’s sister was killed in an accident in October.  Mark’s wife had a stroke in June, and has not regained her ability to speak or to understand what he says to her.  And Josie lost her son ten years ago, but finds that around the Holidays she misses him most.

As November ended and the Holidays were in full swing, all of these people felt themselves sinking into deep sorrow.  They watched as friends and family happily prepared for Holiday festivities, and wondered how it was that Christmas had become so sad for them.  Unable to concentrate at work, they spent their time at home, staring into space or too restless to sit still.

What they all shared in common was what we call “SUG’s, ” or Sudden Upsurges of Grief.  The winter Holidays recalled for them memories of Holidays past, and of how things were “before” – before they lost the ones they had loved.  Whether to death, illness, break-up or divorce, loss is marked by anniversary dates.  These can be dates of death, birthdays, anniversaries, or shared traditions – such as the Holidays.  With these marker events often comes powerful, raw grief.  People are often surprised by how deeply they ache with sadness, or by how empty they feel.  And it does not seem to matter whether the actual loss was weeks, months, or years ago; grief shows up unannouced and on its own schedule.

Sudden Upsurges of Grief are entirely normal, especially around events or traditions that center around family togetherness.  They are a part of the journey through grief, and they are reminders of how temporary everything is in this life – health, relationships, and life itself.  It is a bittersweet reality; loss is inevitable and we all experience it, and knowing this makes each moment more precious.

It is important to keep in mind that even though feelings of loss and sadness may seem unbearable, they, too, are temporary.  Waves of feeling will rise and fall, and the task is to breathe through each one, knowing that it will recede.  Sharing the pain with someone can  help to ease the burden of grief.  We are not meant to walk the journey alone.  Remembering good times with a loved one, though it might bring tears, can also help to balance feelings of sadness with happiness and light.

Most of all, it is helpful to be fully present with each moment.  In this way, we create new memories and new traditions, and we keep ourselves grounded in the here and now.  There is wonder in each moment, right here, in the simple fact that we breathe and that we are alive.

Peace to all of you, and may the next year bring you happiness and prosperity.

 

This Holiday, Eat With Love

December 15th, 2011

“…while visions of sugarplums danced in their heads.”  And cookies, pies, and candy.  So much delicious, enticing food surrounds us this time of year, and for many people it is a source of anxiety rather than of pleasure.  It’s a love/hate thing, wanting to indulge in the sweets of the season but plagued by the voice inside that says, “don’t do it, you’ll be sorry later!”

I recently discussed the issue of guilt in eating with some friends, and one of them shared with me a very helpful suggestion.  I would like to offer it to you, in hopes that it enables you to partake fully in the culinary delights of the holidays.

My friend’s suggestion was simple:  instead of telling yourself how bad it is that you are eating – or about to eat – a food you like, enjoy that food with love.  Fully savor every bite, noting the taste, smell, and texture of the food.  Relish the experience.  Think of the care that went into bringing this food to you – from harvesting each ingredient to transporting it to the store to preparing it for you to enjoy, right here, right now.  Eat it with gratitude,  love and pure delight.

This is a far cry from the hurried and shame-filled experience of arguing with ourselves about whether we should eat something, then filling our minds with so much guilt that we completely miss the actual experience of eating it.  This is mindful eating, and we usually end up eating less when we eat this way!  When we allow ourselves to embrace the pleasure of eating, we feel satisfied because we are not mindlessly stuffing ourselves.  We are taking the time to enjoy each bite.  And in so doing, we change the entire energy of the experience of eating from anxious to relaxed and joyful.  That is good for our minds and our bodies!

May you all enjoy the blessings of this Holiday season!

Holiday Tips to Stress Less Over What You Eat

November 23rd, 2011

Tomorrow is Thanksgiving, the traditional holiday for gathering with friends and family to celebrate our connections to one another, express gratitude for our many blessings,  and to overeat.

We associate Thanksgiving with food in a way that we do not with other holidays, and for people who are trying to watch their weight the day can present all sorts of dilemmas about which foods are “allowed” and which are not.  The entire day can become filled with anxiety and guilt that leave one feeling anything but celebratory.

For those who want to keep their holiday eating healthy and balanced, physician and nutrition expert Dr. John LaPuma offers a few easy to follow tips to help make the day more enjoyable.

First, Dr. LaPuma suggests starting or ending the meal with a walk, outside – no matter the weather.  “I think we’ve lost that tradition in our country, and it’s an important one; to hang out with friends and family, anticipate the meal, enjoy it, and then, in a way, recap it with a walk,” he says.  “You can even walk before you eat – and/or after – but it’s an important part of the day.”

Second, it is important that you allow yourself to really enjoy the food.  States Dr. LaPuma, “Food is so much more difficult to enjoy if you have a huge amount of guilt about it – like, ‘I’m eating this and I really shouldn’t’ or, ‘I wonder how many calories this is.’ If you have decided to sit down and enjoy it, then really embrace it – and don’t worry so much.”

The third – and perhaps most important– tip, according to Dr. LaPuma, is to use the right sized plates.  “If you have a choice, if you are the hostess or host and you are setting the table for people, try using slightly smaller plates; six-inch plates / seven-inch plates with rims,” he suggests.  “Serve the food on individual plates in a beautiful way; if you’re not serving individual plates, then put serving dishes on the table in a beautiful way. It helps people capture the delight of eating and feasting together, and with that delight and beauty, you feed both their eyes and their stomachs.”

So if you are worried about holiday overeating, try these suggestions and see if they can help you to enjoy your holiday celebrations.

The above information appears courtesy of Dr. John LaPuma and Dr.Ruth Buczynski,  President of the National Institute for the Clinical Application of Behavioral Medicine.

Reaction to Penn State Scandal: What Should We Do With Our Anger?

November 21st, 2011

When we learn that children have been sexually abused, we sometimes feel the need to do something with our anger.  We want to blame someone, to have them somehow “pay” for what they have done.   In our desire to seek  justice for the victims, we can mistake association with guilt; anyone who is even remotely associated with the perpetrator can become the target for blame.

I think that Penn State, its students and alumni have suffered that fate.  Rather than directing their anger toward the perpetrator and those who attempted to cover up the abuse, some people have lashed out against anyone associated with the university.  The integrity of the university has been questioned  along with  its academic and moral standards, and this is not fair.

My own comments were no exception and were perhaps too broadly directed.  I heard from one Penn State alumna who felt hurt and angry about the ill treatment she has received as a consequence of her refusal to disavow her alma mater in its entirety.  To her point: one bad apple (or three or ten) does not spoil the whole bunch.  Students, faculty, and staff who were not involved should not be made to pay for the acts of a few.

Penn State has done some really good things in the wake of this tragedy.  Students and supporters held a candlelight vigil for the abuse victims that stretched as far as the eye could see.  Fans at the Penn State football game against Nebraska wore blue instead of their usual home game white in honor of Pennsylvania’s Blue Ribbon Campaign against child abuse.  Alumni have joined forces to raise nearly $500,000.00 for RAINN, the Rape Abuse and Incest National Network for survivors (http://www.rainn.org/news-room/alums-unite-to-show-what-penn-state-is-really-all-about).  We have heard very little about those things in the media, which is also unfair.

I would suggest that we use the energy of our anger to do something positive.  One way is to donate money or time to organizations that support survivors of child abuse and that work to prevent it.  (A list of them follows this post.*)  We can speak out against child abuse by writing letters to editors and by advocating for services for abuse survivors.  We can act when we see, know of, or suspect abuse by reporting it to police or child protective services, and by intervening when we can do so safely.   This story has at least thrust the ugly reality of childhood sexual abuse into the public eye.  Perhaps one or several children will be helped because more people will be paying attention and will be willing to report abuse when it occurs.

*(Please note:  the partial list of  resources that follows does not represent the author’s endorsement of or affiliation with any organization.)

Rape Abuse and Incest National Network, www.rainn.org

Love Our Children USA – www.loveourchildrenusa.org

Child Advocates.org -  www.childadvocates.org

Childhelp.org – www.childhelp.org

National Council on Child Abuse and Family Violence – www.nccafv.org

American Professional Society on the Abuse of Children – www.apsac.org

Stop It Now! – www.stopitnow.org

Stop Child Abuse – www.stopcsa.org 

Court Appointed Special Advocates for Children – www.casaforchildren.org

Survivors Network of Those Abused by Priests – www.snapnetwork.org

 


 

 

Penn State: The Fallout Continues

November 16th, 2011

In the world of media, a story typically appears one week and then fades from the headlines in a few days, perhaps in a week.  The Penn State story, however, is still front and center.  I suspect that this is because of the fact that it involves the alleged sexual abuse of children, for this is a collective nerve that, once touched, does not stop smarting for some time.  We are all appalled by the reality that such cruelty exists in our society.  But exist it does, and for those who have survived childhood sexual abuse, the fallout from the Penn State scandal is even greater.

I heard from a friend today who said that despite years of distance from the childhood sexual abuse she endured, despite her now happy and successful life, and despite the fact that she now has children of her own, she has been rocked to her core by the story at Penn State.  Others have shared that the Penn State scandal has triggered anew the flashbacks and nightmares associated with their own memories of childhood sexual abuse.  A woman whose daughter was sexually abused by a family friend is reliving the horror and outrage of fighting for her daughter’s safety and struggling to find her appropriate treatment in the aftermath.

The media makes us aware of the Penn State scandal as it affects the coaches, the administrators, the football program, the university, the students, the alumni.   And while the child victims of the abuse are (thankfully) now more frequently referenced, their trauma and its impact continue to receive relatively little of the attention directed to the matter.  Perhaps it is not newsworthy, but it is important to also note that the impact of this scandal extends far beyond those involved, all the way to survivors of childhood abuse perpetrated by other people at other times.  Their experiences are not new but they can resurface with a vengeance when a story such as this one takes the headlines.  It can take awhile for the nightmares, flashbacks, and startle responses to subside once they are awakened like this.

The situation at Penn State is a reminder to all of us that abuse occurs everywhere, and that it knows no institutional, social, or familial bounds.  We cannot afford to turn a blind eye to it, or to pretend that we don’t know it’s going on if we suspect that it is.  Children, mentally compromised adults, elderly people, and animals are abused everyday.  The old rule to “mind our own business” is not an excuse for inaction.  When we suspect abuse, we must report it.  If we witness abuse directly and we are able to act without endangering ourselves or others, we must intervene.   The consequences of inaction, as we have just seen, can be devastating to victims and hurtful to many, many others.

 

 

 

A Conspiracy of Silence: The Immeasurable Cost of Looking The Other Way

November 10th, 2011

I have stewed about this matter since Sunday evening, moving between fury, sadness, and back to fury.   The situation at Penn State’s storied football program, in which several young boys were sexually abused by the former Defensive Coordinator, so angered me at first hearing that I knew I had to sit with my reactions for a couple of days before posting about it.  The program’s much revered head coach, Joe Paterno, was reportedly informed of the abuse by a graduate assistant who had witnessed Jerry Sandusky, the Defensive Coordinator, in the act of sexually assaulting a ten year old boy.  Paterno informed his superiors, and at some point after this, the ball was dropped.  Sandusky was still allowed to be involved with the school, the campus police did not pursue the matter, and the reputation of a university was protected while Sandusky’s child victims were not.

And that’s where my fury lies.  This whole situation reeks of cowardice and self-protection on the part of numerous adults who knew and did not act.  Any one of these supposed adults could have refused to let it drop.  Any one of them could have put the welfare of the child victims ahead of their own self-interest.  And at least one of them should have refused to shut up about it until someone snapped out of their “it’s not my responsibility” fog and realized that real children were being traumatized on Penn State’s watch and that the perpetrator had to be stopped and held accountable for his crimes.

Admittedly, my anger is colored by the fact that I worked with survivors of childhood trauma throughout most of my years of private practice.  I heard the horrible stories of their abuse, I witnessed their profound suffering.  Their wounds were deep and lasting, affecting almost every aspect of their lives.  So my natural reaction is to feel protective of the victims, supportive of the survivors, and angry toward the perpetrators and toward those who enabled the abuse.

The endless talk about Joe Paterno’s legacy, the concern about what will happen to the university’s football program, the concern about how the current football players will be affected by Paterno’s firing…all of it is irrelevant in the face of what is the only truly important aspect of the whole mess — that children have been abused and that their welfare came second to the self-preservation of the adults who could have acted and did not.

That is not to say that the pain of Paterno, his family, his players, Penn State’s staff and its loyal fans is not valid or important.  Their shock is real, their pain and loss understandable and justified.  It is to say that the focus should and must be where it belongs, upon the children whose lives were irrevocably damaged by one man’s action and several others’ inaction.  These children will bear this burden for the rest of their lives, long beyond the time when the rest of us are no longer talking about this scandal.

When football (or any sport) becomes more important than protecting children from predators, we have failed our children.  When professional reputation outweighs the unfathomable pain of a child who is raped by an adult, we have failed our children.  When “the best interest of the university” becomes the focus of its Board of Trustees, and no one even mentions the victims during the press conference announcing the Board’s decision, we have failed our children.

The children who were failed in this case do not have the luxury of protecting their legacies or of guarding their reputations.  Instead, they have been trying to survive, to make sense of a world in which a trusted adult was allowed to violate them and then go on about his life, while other adults looked on in silence.  They have been trying to cope with flashbacks, nightmares, anxiety, and depression.  They have been wrestling with shame and the mistaken notion that they are somehow responsible for the criminal behavior of a sexual predator.  They have been afraid to trust, even as they long to feel safe and loved and protected.

We are seeing the consequences of looking the other way.  We are all human, and we all make decisions that we later regret.  We can feel compassion toward everyone affected by this series of tragedies, even while we are feeling anger.  And we must learn from this that we cannot afford to look the other way when we see abuse being inflicted upon those who are defenseless.  We have to speak up, no matter how awkward or difficult it may be to do so.  We owe it to these children and to all abuse victims and survivors.

Simple Steps to “Choose Out” of Self-Criticism

October 25th, 2011

I have written before about mental habits.  One of my mental habits is the negative self-talk that arises in my mind most mornings.   It usually takes the form of, “You’ve got to do better today with ______” or “you should not have done ______ yesterday.”  “Why can’t you just do ______?  What is wrong with you?”  Gone unchecked, this litany of self-criticism can follow me all day, offering endless commentary on my every move.

I know that I am not alone in this mental habit of self-criticism.  Many people struggle at times with self-blaming thoughts, and sometimes these internal accusations are frequent and unduly harsh.  True, we need to be able to recognize and to take responsibility for our mistakes and missteps, lest we become slaves to our own whims and impulses without regard for their consequences.  But there is a difference between accepting responsibility when appropriate and barraging ourselves with blame and scorn.  A running dialogue of disdain toward ourselves can breed a sense of hopelessness and low self-worth; these, in turn, are fertile ground for depression.

One of the reasons behind our self-blaming tendencies is the belief that we are not allowed to make mistakes.  It is an unrealistic expectation that anyone be right all the time about everything.  It is normal to make mistakes; it’s a necessary part of growing and learning.  And failing to do one thing – or many things – correctly or well does not mean that we, as people, are failures.

We can cultivate a more gentle attitude toward ourselves by doing a few simple things.  The first is to notice our self-critical thoughts when they arise.  When they do, we simply name them to ourselves, “self-criticism.”  We are just acknowledging them, without trying to erase them.

We can then bring ourselves out of the negative self-talk in our thinking minds by directing our attention to our breathing; noting the breath as it enters our body, then as it goes out.  Doing this, we become aware that there is more going on than just our self-critical thoughts:  we are breathing, standing or sitting, the air is warm or cool, the sun is out or it is raining.  When we expand our awareness like this, we take away the power of our negative thoughts.  They become smaller in view of the rest of our present reality.

If we want to take it one step further, we can say something kind to ourselves.  “I show kindness to others,”  “I am a good parent,”  “I have a great sense of humor.”  It usually feels awkward at first to do this, because we are not accustomed to saying nice things to ourselves.  Still, if we practice this, we discover that we feel better when we say positive things to ourselves than when we say negative things.

Becoming aware of our mental habits allows us to “choose out” of negative thoughts and to “choose in” to more positive – or at least more realistic – ways of thinking.  Such a shift away from negative thought patterns can have positive effects on both our mental and our physical health.